How To Run Mysqlcheck Repair Mythconverg From A Cron Job

Applications require some tasks to be run periodically on the server. It could be sending promotional emails, optimizing database, creating backups or generating site traffic written report. To automate these tasks, a job scheduling system is required. Laravel Cron Chore offers an elegant Chore Scheduling mechanism.

Cron

Cron is a time-based task scheduler in Unix/Linux operating systems. Information technology runs beat out commands at a pre-specified time period. Cron uses a configuration file chosen crontab also known as Cron table to manage the task scheduling process.

Crontab contains all the Cron jobs related to a specific chore. Cron jobs are composed of ii parts, the Cron expression, and a shell command that needs to be run.

* * * * * command/to/run

In the Cron expression higher up (* * * * *), each field is an option for determining the task schedule frequency. These options represent minute, hour, day of the calendar month, month and 24-hour interval of the calendar week in the given order. Asterisk symbol means all possible values. Then, the above control will run every infinitesimal.

The Cron job beneath will exist executed at 6:20 on 10th of every month.

20 6 x * * command/to/run

Yous can larn more about Cron task on Wikipedia. However, Laravel Cron Job Scheduling makes the whole process very piece of cake.

Laravel Cron Chore

Laravel Cron Job is an inbuilt task director that gives your applications the power to execute specific commands similar sending a slack notification or removing inactive users at a periodic time. Nosotros will exist using the latest version of Laravel, which is 5.6 at the time of writing this article.

Y'all demand a Linux Operating System to run Cron Jobs. This tutorial as well assumes a fair knowledge of PHP and Laravel.

Creating a new Project

In this tutorial, nosotros will create a simple laravel application to demonstrate task scheduling. Create a new Laravel project by running the post-obit command.

composer create-project --prefer-dist laravel/laravel cron

Create your Scheduled Job in Laravel

There are different ways you can define scheduled tasks in laravel. Let'southward become through each of them to understand how they tin can be implemented in Laravel.

Create New Artisan Command

cd into your projection and run the following control to create a new artisan control grade:

php artisan make:command WordOfTheDay

The above command will create a new command file, WordOfTheDay.php, in the app/Console/Commands directory. Navigate to the file and you will find the following code in it:

<?php  namespace App\Console\Commands;  use Illuminate\Panel\Control;  grade WordOfTheDay extends Control {     /**      * The proper noun and signature of the console command.      *      * @var string      */     protected $signature = 'control:proper name';      /**      * The console control description.      *      * @var string      */     protected $description = 'Control clarification';      /**      * Create a new command instance.      *      * @return void      */     public role __construct()     {         parent::__construct();     }      /**      * Execute the console command.      *      * @render mixed      */     public role handle()     {         //     } }

In this code, the post-obit line contains the proper name and the signature of the command.

protected $signature = 'command:proper name';

Replace the words command:name with word:day. This is what we volition call this when running the command to perform the task.

protected $signature = 'word:mean solar day';

Above lawmaking besides contains the description holding. This is where you lot place the actual description of what this command will do. Description will be shown when the Artisan listing command is executed alongside the signature. Change the description of the command to:

protected $description = 'Send a Daily email to all users with a give-and-take and its meaning';

Handle method is called whenever the command is executed. This is where we place the code for doing the specific task. This is how the WordOfTheDay.php file looks with the handle method and all other changes in place:

<?php  namespace App\Console\Commands;  use App\User; utilise Illuminate\Panel\Command; use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Mail;  class WordOfTheDay extends Command {     /**      * The name and signature of the console control.      *      * @var cord      */     protected $signature = 'word:day';          /**      * The console command description.      *      * @var cord      */     protected $description = 'Send a Daily email to all users with a word and its meaning';          /**      * Create a new command instance.      *      * @return void      */     public function __construct()     {         parent::__construct();     }          /**      * Execute the console control.      *      * @return mixed      */     public function handle()     {         $words = [             'aberration' => 'a state or condition markedly different from the norm',             'convivial' => 'occupied with or fond of the pleasures of practiced company',             'diaphanous' => 'so thin as to transmit light',             'elegy' => 'a mournful poem; a lament for the dead',             'ostensible' => 'appearing as such but not necessarily so'         ];                  // Finding a random discussion         $key = array_rand($words);         $value = $words[$key];                  $users = User::all();         foreach ($users as $user) {             Mail::raw("{$key} -> {$value}", part ($mail service) use ($user) {                 $mail->from('info@tutsforweb.com');                 $mail->to($user->electronic mail)                     ->bailiwick('Word of the Twenty-four hours');             });         }                  $this->info('Word of the Day sent to All Users');     } }

In a higher place code volition select a random word from the array and send emails to every user with the word.

Registering the Command

Now that you have created the command, you will demand to register it in the Kernel.

Become to app/Console/Kernel.php file that looks like this

<?php  namespace App\Console;  use Illuminate\Console\Scheduling\Schedule; use Illuminate\Foundation\Console\Kernel equally ConsoleKernel;  form Kernel extends ConsoleKernel {     /**      * The Artisan commands provided past your application.      *      * @var assortment      */     protected $commands = [         //     ];      /**      * Define the application'south command schedule.      *      * @param  \Illuminate\Console\Scheduling\Schedule  $schedule      * @return void      */     protected function schedule(Schedule $schedule)     {         // $schedule->command('inspire')         //          ->hourly();     }      /**      * Register the commands for the application.      *      * @return void      */     protected function commands()     {         $this->load(__DIR__.'/Commands');          require base_path('routes/console.php');     } }

In this file, we register the command course in the commands belongings and we schedule commands to be executed at periodic intervals in the schedule method. This is where nosotros handle all the Cron Jobs in Laravel.

Alter this file with the contents below. Nosotros have but added our WordOfTheDay class to the commands property and schedule information technology to run every 24-hour interval.

<?php  namespace App\Console;  use Illuminate\Console\Scheduling\Schedule; use Illuminate\Foundation\Panel\Kernel every bit ConsoleKernel;  class Kernel extends ConsoleKernel {     /**      * The Artisan commands provided by your awarding.      *      * @var array      */     protected $commands = [         Commands\WordOfTheDay::class,     ];      /**      * Define the application'due south control schedule.      *      * @param  \Illuminate\Console\Scheduling\Schedule  $schedule      * @return void      */     protected function schedule(Schedule $schedule)     {         $schedule->command('give-and-take:day')             ->daily();     }      /**      * Register the commands for the application.      *      * @return void      */     protected function commands()     {         $this->load(__DIR__.'/Commands');          crave base_path('routes/console.php');     } }

At present, if you run the php artisan list command in the terminal, you volition encounter your command has been registered. You lot will exist able to run across the command name with the signature and clarification.

Laravel Cron Job Command

Setup, database and mail credentials in the .env file and make sure y'all take users in the database. Execute the control itself on the last:

php artisan give-and-take:mean solar day

Command volition be executed with the signature that is placed in protected $signature = 'command:name'. You will also run across the log message in the terminal.

Laravel Cron Job Execute

Using Closure/Callback Method

Laravel Task Scheduler allows you to execute a callback or a closure periodically using the call method. Let'southward add together code in the schedule method ofapp/Console/Kernel.php Here's the contents of the form with only the schedule method.

<?php  namespace App\Console;  utilise App\User; use Illuminate\Console\Scheduling\Schedule; use Illuminate\Foundation\Panel\Kernel as ConsoleKernel;  form Kernel extends ConsoleKernel {     /**      * Define the awarding's command schedule.      *      * @param  \Illuminate\Panel\Scheduling\Schedule  $schedule      * @return void      */     protected function schedule(Schedule $schedule)     {         $schedule->call(function () {             User::where('spam_count', '>', 100)                 ->get()                 ->each                 ->delete();         })->hourly();     } }

We have passed the closure as the start parameter to the telephone call method. We have set the frequency of the task to hourly, then information technology will execute every hour. In the call method, nosotros are simply removing users with spam count of more 100.

Exec Command

Laravel too allows y'all to schedule shell commands and then that you could issue commands to the operating system and external applications. We utilize the exec method to execute a shell control.

Hither's a simple example, that allows y'all to take backup of your code every month.

<?php  namespace App\Console;  use Illuminate\Panel\Scheduling\Schedule; apply Illuminate\Foundation\Console\Kernel as ConsoleKernel;  class Kernel extends ConsoleKernel {     /**      * Define the application's command schedule.      *      * @param  \Illuminate\Console\Scheduling\Schedule  $schedule      * @render void      */     protected function schedule(Schedule $schedule)     {         $schedule->exec(             'cp -r ' . base_path() . " " . base_path('../backups/' . appointment('jY'))         )->monthly();     } }

exec method will run the command you would pass equally the first argument. In the code above, it just copies your laravel project to the backups folder. The backups folder will be followed by the day of the month and a numeric representation of the year. You can also schedule Laravel Jobs in the Task Scheduler the aforementioned manner we scheduled Artisan commands and closures. Permit'south accept a look at the Task Scheduler in item.

Task Scheduler in Laravel

Job Scheduler in Laravel executes the artisan command, shell, or a callback periodically on the divers time. To do this, we utilise the schedule method in app/Console/Kernel.php like nosotros discussed earlier.

protected function schedule(Schedule $schedule) {     $schedule->command('word:day')         ->daily(); }

$schedule->command('word:mean solar day') is where nosotros define which command needs to exist executed and->daily(); defines the frequency of execution. At that place are some more fourth dimension intervals that we can define. You tin can replace ->daily(); with another time interval selection from the following list. Yous tin discover more nearly Task Scheduling in Laravel Documentation.

Method	Description
->cron('* * * * * *');	Run the task on a custom Cron schedule
->everyMinute();	Run the job every infinitesimal
->everyFiveMinutes();	Run the job every five minutes
->everyTenMinutes();	Run the chore every ten minutes
->everyFifteenMinutes();	Run the chore every fifteen minutes
->everyThirtyMinutes();	Run the task every thirty minutes
->hourly();	Run the task every hr
->hourlyAt(17);	Run the task every hour at 17 mins past the hr
->daily();	Run the chore every day at midnight
->dailyAt('13:00′);	Run the task every day at 13:00
->twiceDaily(ane, xiii);	Run the task daily at 1:00 & xiii:00
->weekly();	Run the task every week
->weeklyOn(1, 'viii:00');	Run the job every week on Tuesday at 8:00
->monthly();	Run the chore every month
->monthlyOn(four, 'fifteen:00′);	Run the task every month on the fourth at 15:00
->quarterly();	Run the task every quarter
->yearly();	Run the task every year
->timezone('America/New_York');	Set the timezone

Starting the Laravel Scheduler

Let's setup the Cron Jobs to run automatically without initiating manually by running the command. To start the Laravel Scheduler itself, we simply need to add together i Cron task which executes every minute. Go to your terminal, ssh into your server, cd into your project and run this command.

crontab -due east

This will open up the server Crontab file, paste the code below into the file, save and then get out.

* * * * * cd /path-to-your-project && php artisan schedule:run >> /dev/null 2>&i

Do not forget to supercede /path/to/artisan with the total path to the Artisan command of your Laravel Awarding.

Ane of the near important advantages of Laravel Task Scheduler is that we can focus on creating commands, writing logic and Laravel volition take care of the residue. It is manageable by other co-workers because it is now tracked by version control.

Learn more nearly Laravel:
How to create Residue API with authentication using Laravel Passport.

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